Mbiri ya Pulasitiki

Pulasitiki ndi zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi mitundu ingapo yazinthu zopangira kapena semi-synthetic organic zomwe zimatha kupangidwa kukhala zinthu zolimba.
Pulasitiki ndi katundu wazinthu zonse zomwe zimatha kupunduka mosasinthika osasweka koma, m'gulu la ma polima owumbika, izi zimachitika mpaka dzina lawo lenileni limachokera ku luso lapaderali.
Pulasitiki nthawi zambiri ndi ma polima okhala ndi mamolekyu apamwamba kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zinthu zina.Nthawi zambiri amakhala opangidwa, omwe nthawi zambiri amachokera ku petrochemicals, komabe, mitundu ingapo imapangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zongowonjezwdwanso monga polylactic acid kuchokera ku chimanga kapena ma cellulosics a thonje.
Chifukwa cha mtengo wake wotsika, kupanga mosavuta, kusinthasintha, komanso kusagonja kwa madzi, mapulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito muzinthu zambiri zamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mapepala ndi ndege.Apambana zinthu zakale, monga matabwa, miyala, nyanga ndi fupa, zikopa, zitsulo, magalasi, ndi ceramic, muzinthu zina zomwe poyamba zidasiyidwa kuzinthu zachilengedwe.
M'mayiko otukuka, pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a pulasitiki amagwiritsidwa ntchito popakira ndipo pafupifupi chimodzimodzi m'nyumba zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mapaipi, mapaipi kapena ma vinyl siding.Ntchito zina zimaphatikizapo magalimoto (mpaka 20% pulasitiki), mipando, ndi zoseweretsa.M'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, kugwiritsa ntchito pulasitiki kungakhale kosiyana - 42% yazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ku India zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga.
Pulasitiki ilinso ndi ntchito zambiri m'chipatala, poyambitsa zoyikapo polima ndi zida zina zamankhwala zotengedwa pang'ono ndi pulasitiki.Munda wa opaleshoni ya pulasitiki sunatchulidwe kuti ugwiritse ntchito zida zapulasitiki, koma tanthauzo la mawu akuti plasticity, pokhudzana ndi kukonzanso thupi.
Pulasitiki yoyamba padziko lonse lapansi yopangidwa ndi bakelite, yomwe idapangidwa ku New York mu 1907, ndi Leo Baekeland yemwe adapanga mawu oti 'pulasitiki'.
sayansi ya mapulasitiki, kuphatikizapo wopambana mphoto ya Nobel Hermann Staudinger yemwe amatchedwa "tate wa chemistry ya polima.


Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-27-2020